U.S. Bird Flu Cases Surge: Where HPAI is Striking Poultry Across the Nation in 2025
The battle against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) rages on in the U.S., as the virus continues to spread and affect poultry in multiple states. Since the outbreak began in 2022, over 166.2 million birds have been impacted, with cases reported in all 50 states and Puerto Rico. Although the frequency of outbreaks slowed significantly through most of 2024, the start of 2025 has seen a troubling rise in cases, with 110 new infections confirmed across 27 states in the past 30 days alone.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is urging poultry producers—whether operating large commercial farms or small backyard flocks—to strengthen their biosecurity measures to protect their birds and prevent further spread of the virus. From early detection to quarantine efforts, APHIS and state officials are on high alert, working to contain outbreaks by removing infected flocks and ensuring they do not enter the food system.
In addition to the devastation felt by poultry producers, human health concerns are also rising. While the CDC maintains that the general public’s risk remains low, there has been at least one human death linked to HPAI, prompting ongoing vigilance and genomic surveillance of both animals and humans.
Where Is HPAI Spreading in March 2025?
From Arizona to Pennsylvania, new outbreaks are reported in poultry farms, live bird markets, and backyard flocks. Key areas affected include:
California: Over 500,000 commercial birds across multiple counties, including ducks and turkeys.
Indiana: Millions of commercial eggs and turkeys infected, with thousands of birds euthanized.
Florida: Poultry from multiple counties, including Miami-Dade, have tested positive for HPAI.
Ohio: Multiple counties, including Mercer County, are battling massive outbreaks of commercial egg layer birds.
With the continued spread of the virus, the USDA urges anyone with poultry to act fast if they notice any symptoms, such as unexpected bird deaths, lack of energy, or abnormal eggs. Farmers are advised to immediately contact local authorities and take precautions to limit contact with other birds.
As the HPAI outbreak continues to affect both poultry and humans, authorities stress the importance of biosecurity measures to prevent further devastation to the U.S. poultry industry and public health.
