A comprehensive study spearheaded by Maiken B T Bach and her team from various esteemed institutions has shed light on the health challenges faced by Cavalier King Charles spaniels (CKCS), focusing on the relationship between syringomyelia (SM) and myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). These conditions, prevalent among CKCS, pose significant health risks, affecting the spinal cord and heart, respectively. The study aimed to unravel the complexities of cardiac health in CKCS, both with and without SM, and its findings offer new perspectives for pet owners and veterinarians alike.

The research encompassed a mixed retrospective and prospective approach, employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and echocardiography to diagnose SM and MMVD, respectively. Fifty-five CKCS were included in the study, segmented into groups based on the presence of SM (22 symptomatic, 18 asymptomatic) and those without SM.

The core of the study revolved around evaluating the association between SM and the severity of MMVD, specifically measuring the left ventricle internal diameter in diastole normalized to body weight (LVIDDN) and the left atrium to aortic ratio (LA/Ao). These measurements are critical indicators of heart size and function, with abnormalities potentially indicating underlying heart disease.

Surprisingly, the investigation revealed no significant differences in LVIDDN and LA/Ao among CKCS with or without SM when considering the group as a whole. However, a deeper dive into the data uncovered a noteworthy distinction: CKCS suffering from symptomatic SM exhibited significantly smaller LVIDDN and LA/Ao compared to their asymptomatic counterparts and CKCS without SM. These findings suggest that while SM and MMVD do not necessarily co-segregate, the presence of symptomatic SM could be linked to smaller heart size in affected dogs.

This nuanced discovery highlights the importance of comprehensive health assessments for CKCS, especially those showing clinical signs of SM. The implications of this study extend beyond academic interest, offering valuable insights for the clinical management and treatment of these beloved pets. By understanding the intricate relationship between spinal and cardiac health in CKCS, veterinarians are better equipped to provide targeted care and potentially improve the quality of life for these dogs.

In conclusion, while the study did not confirm a direct association between MMVD and SM in CKCS, the significant findings regarding heart size in dogs with symptomatic SM open new avenues for research and clinical practice. This investigation not only contributes to the growing body of knowledge surrounding canine health but also underscores the need for ongoing research to protect and enhance the well-being of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels.

Read full study here: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jvim.17018