Characterization of Equine Immune-Mediated Keratitis

A study was performed to evaluate corneas in 65 horses with putative immune-mediated keratitis (IMMK). Eighty eyes from 65 horses were examined. Clinical IMMK lesions were categorized as epithelial (n = 17 eyes), superficial stromal (n = 38), midstromal (n = 18), and endothelial (n = 7). Corneal lesions were characterized with variable corneal leukocyte infiltrates and vascularization of the approximate corneal anatomic region.

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All cases had a dense network of dendritic cells in the epithelial basement membrane and immediate subepithelial stroma. Less consistent findings included epithelial disorganization, corneal edema, mineral deposition, stromal fibrosis, and epithelial pigment granules. Endothelial IMMK was characterized with stromal edema, endothelium disorganization, endothelial cell loss, and multifocal accumulations of highly reflective material within the endothelium.

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Laser scanning in vivo confocal microscopic characterization of equine immune-mediated keratitis.